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Economic crime in post-socialist countries
Privredni kriminalitet u postsocijalističkim zemljama
Bojić, Borislav
Summary: The post-socialist countries, or transitional countries, face a multitude of barriers to meet the living standards of Western countries, and sometimes to regain the living standards they had before 1991. One of the problems is an inefficient economy that once functioned according to the principle of “directed economy”, and now many companies have lost a market game. In the breakthrough of foreign companies and in the process of privatisation of unsuccessful firms, traditionally the post-socialist countries came to a point where politicians were involved in organised crime, high-scale corruption, and the fixing of tenders or similar criminal actions. A special story is the tax evasion that is very widespread in Greece and Italy, for example. Nevertheless, economic criminality reached its highest ranks precisely in Russia at the time of Yeltsin when the so-called oligarchs, in conjunction with Yeltsin’s daughter Tatiana Dyachenko, touched the sky financially, accompanied by a similar process in Ukraine in the present day, and in Belarus, where this process ended with the coming to power of anti-corruption president Alexander Lukashenko. Today we are facing the fact that Croatia’s Ivo Sanader ended up in prison for a corruption scandal, the Kurz government fell down in Austria, an indictment was filed against former President Petro Poroshenko in Ukraine and Mikhail Saakashvili fled from Georgia on the same grounds. Non-transparent contracts like “Belgrade on the Water” or “PKB”, an ongoing scandal with Duško Knežević in Montenegro and the popularity of Laura Kovesi, an anti-corruption prosecutor in Romania, tell us that there is a high degree of economic crime in almost every country, and the fight with it is an absolute imperative, also emphasized the new Ukrainian President Vladimir Zelensky.
Sažetak: Postsocijalističke zemlje, ili tranzicione zemlje, suočavaju se sa mnoštvom prepreka ka dostizanju standarda koje imaju zapadne zemlje, a neki put i sa dostizanjem standarda koje su imale pre 1991. godine. Jedan od problema je neefikasna privreda koja je nekada funkcionisala po principu dirigovanosti, a sada su mnoge kompanije izgubile tržišnu utakmicu. U prodoru stranih firmi i u procesu privatizacije neuspelih firmi dolazilo se tradicionalno do tačke kada političari ulaze u spregu sa organizovanim kriminalom, korupcijom, i nameštanjem tendera i sličnim kriminalnim radnjama. Posebna priča je utaja poreza koja je veoma raširena i u Grčkoj i Italiji, recimo. Pa ipak, privredni kriminalitet je dosegao svoje najviše domete upravo u Rusiji u vreme Jeljcina kada su se u nebo vinuli takozvani oligarsi u sprezi sa Jeljcinovom ćerkom Tatjanom Djačenko, da bi se sličan proces desio i u Ukrajini do današnjih dana, i u Belorusiji, gde je taj proces prestao dolaskom na vlast antikorupcionaški nastrojenog predsednika Aleksandra Lukašenka. Danas se suočavamo sa tim da je Ivo Sanader završio u zatvoru zbog korupcionaškog skandala, u Austriji je pala vlada Kurca, u Ukrajini je podneta optužnica protiv bivšeg predsednika Petra Porošenka a 2013. Je Mihail Saakašvili pobegao iz Gruzije zbog istog osnova. Netransparetni ugovori kao „Beograd na vodi“ ili „PKB“, skandal sa Duškom Kneževićem u Crnoj Gori i popularnost Laure Koveši, antikorupcionaške tužiteljice u Rumuniji, govore nam da u skoro svakoj zemlji postoji visok stupanj privrednog kriminaliteta a borba s njim je apsolutni imperativ, kako je naglasio i novi ukrajinski predsednik Vladimir Zelenski.
srpski
2019
Ovo delo je licencirano pod uslovima licence
Creative Commons CC BY 4.0 - Creative Commons Autorstvo 4.0 International License.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
Ključne reči: Korupcija, privreda, kriminalitet, postsocijalističke zemlje, antikorupciona borba
Keywords: Corruption, economy, crime, post-socialist countries, anticorruption struggle
30806793