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Biological reclamation of deposols as the most ecologically acceptable way of revitalization of disturbed areas caused by exploitation in coal open mines
Veselinović, Milorad
Eremija, Saša
Mitrović, Suzana
Of all energy sources, coal is still the most important energy resource in the world, as it makes up about half of the total reserves of all resources used for energy production. Large lignite basins in Serbia, as well as in many other countries, are an energy potential of strategic importance, which is mainly used for electricity production. The growing need for electricity means that the natural orography of the area above the coal deposits will continue to be disrupted and the destruction of existing ecosystems will continue. In order to mitigate the harmful consequences of the development of surface mines, it is necessary for mining works to be accompanied by biological reclamation by afforestation of landfills. Recultivation of degraded areas enables the re-establishment of various vegetation and other ecosystems on deposited tailings, deposols. Based on the agreement with the Kolubara Mining Basin and the Institute of forestry afforestation of the post-exploitation area covering over 1,000 hectares were performed. A large number of species have been used for afforestation of landfills not only due to the great variability of microecological conditions in small areas, due to non-selective tailings disposal, but also due to the difficulty of enriching the landscape aesthetics of newly created forest ecosystems. Today, these areas are remarkable anthropogenic forest ecosystems mostly with mixed forests. Research and work done through biological reclamation in the Kolubara Basin have proven that it is possible to create new agricultural, forest, aquatic, meadow and other ecosystems of higher functional values than natural ecosystems in the pre-exploitation period.
engleski
2022
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reforestation, surface mines, degraded areas
ID 136776705